This Sink Needs Fixed

This Sink Needs Fixed This Sink Needs Fixed This Sink Needs Fixed By Maeve Maddox Maureen Garrison composes: Have you talked about the manner in which individuals forget about to be in expressions, for example, This should be washed? Â I continue hearing and finding in print, This needs washed. Â I expect it ought to be, This should be washed, or This needs washing, however perhaps Im missing something. Â Id love to see a clarification. Is this a slip-up, a saying, or something that is new just to me? What I call the necessities fixed development is a regionalism that has increased wide acknowledgment in conversational discourse. The articulation is regularly connected with Pittsburgh and a tight band in the nation reaching out from the east coast to Montana. I grew up outside those local limits and am very used to hearing The garden needs cut and This sink needs fixed. The development, standard in Scottish use, appears to mix the temper of US speakers to whom it is new. I wont try to cite any of the terrible remarks about it that Ive read on other language locales. Here are some web models from various locales: Lee Adama needs slapped (Scots blogger) Microsoft Needs Slapped. (Texas) Help! My Lawn NEEDS cut! My Toro Starts however Stalls! (Ohio) The articulation is covered by different words in the accompanying sentence, yet I think it additionally participates in the requirements fixed example: The Left Needs Its Mouth Washed Out With Soap (Washington DC) Protests ariseand are validif the word needs is viewed as a transitive action word. Speakers who consider should be a transitive action word justifiably need it to be trailed by a perceptible article: a thing substitute, either a to be state or a current participle: The garden should be cut. The garden needs cutting. In any case, the word needs doesn't work as a transitive action word in the articulation needs fixed. It goes about as a sort of assistant action word, like to be in a uninvolved development. The - ed word that follows is likewise an action word. The garden needs cut contrasts from The yard needs cutting and The grass should be cut in that the ideal activity goes past an anticipated future occasion and envisions a cultivated reality. The necessities fixed development requests activity. The elective renditions grant an unclearness that requirements fixed doesn't. It says no more delaying! This yard needs cut today! On the off chance that you need dinner, this oven needs fixed. Primary concern: The requirements fixed articulation is best maintained a strategic distance from in a proper setting, yet theres nothing amiss with its casual use. Utilize the rendition you like and let others do likewise without criticize. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities every day! Continue learning! Peruse the Expressions classification, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:Addressing A Letter to Two PeopleSelect versus Selected10 Functions of the Comma

Sports and Energy Drink Market Essay Example for Free

Sports and Energy Drink Market Essay Sports and Energy drink advertise is incredibly developing henceforth customers and businesspeople have begun indicating premiums in this market. Caffeinated drink advertise has expanded in light of the fact that individuals are working right around 24 hours in a day just to make a job, so it’s hard to buckle down without rest, rest or vitality source. This is one of the explanation individuals made caffeinated drinks as a component of their life depending on vitality from caffeinated drinks, at last adding to rising caffeinated drinks advertise. Market players are worried in improving their fixings and substance for additional endurance to work without encountering weariness. Sports and Energy drinks entered the market with Striking names, appealing mottos, and costly showcasing efforts and at present holding a huge bit of refreshment industry. They are accessible all over the place, offered close by soda pops in candy machines, accommodation stores, and supermarkets. Sports and Energy drinks are intended to gracefully mental and physical incitement for a brief timeframe. Caffeinated drinks are utilized by end clients for an alternate of reasons, for example, to help vitality, lessen thirst, blend mixed drinks, enhancing smoothies. Caffeinated drinks are situated on contiguous retires in stores to conventional games drinks like Gatorade and Powerade fortifies such a supposition of hopeful connection between their employments. The two games and Energy drinks have figured out how to keep up their ubiquity during financial downturn, regardless of their high and negative exposure because of caffeine content. Many end clients are as yet arranged to follow through on the greater expense because of their intentional repayments. Sports and Energy drinks are anticipated to proceed with crush in the soda advertise Sports drinks give starches and electrolytes. The starches gracefully the muscles with fuel during exercise. The primary electrolyte is sodium, which improves the drive to drink and can help with liquid substitution. Enhanced beverages increment satisfactoriness and can help with liquid utilization. The expansion of protein might be useful to forestall muscle harm and may improve or keep up ensuing execution over sequential days.

Media Frames and Hip Hop Culture

The media has an expanding nearness in the entirety of our lives, and there has been a great deal of research led on the different ways that it influences the very thoughts that fly into our heads, the impressions we plan of different societies and melodic kinds, on international strategy and the things that we purchase. It’s evident that the media is assuming a job in our day by day lives, yet to what degree is it influencing the way hip jump music and the way of life itself are comprehended by the normal resident, explicitly children?Via the radio, the papers, magazines and most ordinarily, the TV and web, is it conceivable to see exactly how these effectively accessible media are affecting more youthful individuals and those of a more established age section and notice what sorts of edges the media are utilizing with respect to hip bounce? This paper will investigate the accessible writing sources regarding the matter of media informing and hip bounce culture and audit the set up speculations, just as use family unit studies to look at exactly how much introduction youngsters in America really need to mass media.Media confining is the procedure by which the media picks its setting for a report and depicts it with a specific inclination †regular encircling is finished with a preservationist perspective or a liberal one, and frequently in accordance with the hip jump culture the edge is that of a brutal, consumerist culture (Robinson 20). Media encircling is a procedure by which columnists and correspondents give essential setting to their accounts, and confining can will in general advance a specific political or social plan or in view of a key absence of information regarding the matter. Ramsey (pp 22-40) feels that it is an instance of the last mentioned, since analysts and sociologists will in general respect hip jump societies in American as being very independent from the remainder of the populace to start with.This seclusion, to whatever deg ree it is really clear in these subcultures, is depicted by the media and in this way comprehended by all watchers and audience members as reality. Americans who are not a piece of the hip jump culture are handily made to see topics in hip bounce music that identify with fierce pack attitude and explicit industrialism that sees more youthful dark individuals flaunting costly garments, adornments and vehicles. Mukherjee calls this media outline the â€Å"ghetto fabulous† and clarifies how what was initially a disconnected element of the hip jump culture has gotten far reaching because of media considerations. This essential confinement is one of the significant casings utilized by the media to depict a particular image of hip bounce culture, and these delineations are without a doubt assisting with molding the hip jump scene in the brain of the normal watcher at home and magazine reader.Saunders portrays the summed up rendition of hip bounce culture as a gathering of cheats, s pray painting craftsmen, vandals, drugdealers, sex-fixated men, externalized ladies and joyriders (37-134), and lamentably despite the fact that this is a piece of the underground culture of both the hip jump craftsman and the individuals tuning in to the music, the writer acknowledges that there is something else entirely to it than this observation. Despite the fact that it has been effectively noticed that these topics are intermittent in rap music, an individual audience could without much of a stretch neglect to see these equivalent subjects †or some other repetitive topics, besides †inborn in different kinds of music or even writing and film.The media has focused on the negative subjects in rap and hip bounce music, notwithstanding, and uses such dramatist parts of the way of life and music to convey a message of antagonism, and make dread. The considerations disconnected gatherings of individuals have attempted to intercede and have such melodies and music recording s controlled. This has not by and large positively affected hip jump verses, and in truth has really assisted with raising the ubiquity of such music and the way of life encompassing it (Davidson 74).Where once hip bounce was simply limited to the gatherings of dark Americans framing their own subculture, presently media considerations (both constructive and pessimistic) have brought hip jump and rap music to bigger quantities of individuals who wouldn’t have initially approached it. With the broad hip bounce scene, individuals of other ethnic sources and social circumstances are finding the music and beginning to take an interest in the way of life, and this can be credited in an enormous part to the accomplishment of the Motown Corporation (Neal).Some of the viewpoints highlighted in hip jump music, similar to spray painting, can be taken a gander at as holding a particular job inside the way of life itself. Spray painting, for instance, can be seen as a â€Å"microcosm of how individuals convey, take an interest, and learn inside a community† (Rahn 137), explicitly inside the hip jump networks of urban America. In spite of the fact that it appears to be impossible that media bodies acknowledge precisely what they are depicting to watchers and perusers of well known magazines, anecdotes about spray painting craftsmen associated with the hip bounce way of life are being encircled in such a light as to feature the insubordinate characteristics of the subculture.Graffiti is depicted in a clashing manner; negative in that it mutilates open and private property and can be utilized to stamp pack an area, yet additionally somewhat positive in that it is clearly a masterful outlet. The masterful viewpoint has a negative side too, notwithstanding, since the media can just appear to take a gander at spray painting craftsmanship positively in the event that it is an expressive passionate overflowing from a ruined neighborhood (Rahn).Basically, hip bounce craftsmen are just getting consideration from the media for negative characteristics in their music and ways of life, in any event as saw by the media itself and most of normal residents viewing the news and perusing the magazines and papers. Individuals see rappers on TV when they are engaged with pack related violations and weapon viciousness, or when their verses have gone under investigation for what is regarded unacceptable substance. Albeit each type of music has flawed verses, hip jump craftsmen are the essential speculates with regards to drawing out the censors.The media outlines hip bounce and rap specialists in a horrible light most by far of the time, refering to them in one sweeping classification that is brutal, deceitful and fixated on material belongings. Except if an individual is legitimately engaged with the hip jump scene, they are probably not going to catch wind of positive things going on inside the way of life. The media all in all essentially writes about cy nicism inside the hip jump world, something that numerous craftsmen are justifiably baffled with.What this media encircling is demonstrating to the hip bounce culture is simply an obliviousness for media and the general survey crowd towards dark American culture. With not many years †generally talking †of opportunity and fairness between dark individuals as a minority bunch in America and the lion's share whites, dark Americans have ended up assembled in poor zones despite everything confronting tremendous challenges in accomplishing better ways of life. These cultural elements have hugy affected the subculture of blacks themselves, bringing about part in hip jump music as both a defiant demonstration and an approval of dark endurance in a regularly unfriendly bigger environment.Mollyanne Brodie utilized her book Kids and Media in America: Patterns of Use at the Millenium to find exactly the amount of an effect media pictures, for example, these depictions of hip bounce cu lture are influencing small kids all through the nation. The consequences of these reviews are instrumental in understanding the job of media encircling in American kids concerning hip jump music and culture. She noticed that in spite of the fact that there are methods of recognizing to what extent a TV is on during the day in the normal family, there is no genuine method of realizing which projects or promotions are seen by which individuals from the family.With particular studies disseminated to family units in the United States, Brodie gathered answers from individuals from various families to turn out exactly how much time kids were spending watching which sorts of shows on the TV during the day. â€Å"The ‘in-home’ test consist[ed] of 1,090 small kids, ages 2 through 7 years, and relie[d] on parent reactions to questionnaires† (Brodie 18). Remembering that kids can need crucial data about the projects they are viewing and other related inquiries, it was depe ndent upon guardians to share the review propensities for their kids and this information was gathered to get a firm, strong gander at the American kid and media influences.The ends were that today’s youngster in the United States invests more energy with media sources than some other going before age, and this is probably going to increment sooner rather than later. With the TV, PCs, the web and propelled versatile advancements, kids approach more data than any other time in recent memory and the media along these lines approaches the children too. Therefore, the media has taken on a more impressive job than any other time in recent memory in human history.The discoveries of these overviews were definitive in uncovering the straightforward truth that children can approach their day by day lives without completely acknowledging how they are being influenced by the blast of media pictures, and with regards to the hip jump culture this is the same. Pessimistic remarks, reports and melodious discussions are at the front line of a youthful person’s mind, since study measurements have demonstrated that music is the most significant part of a child’s life, particularly in the high school years. Hip jump has invaded the daily schedule of the normal youth because of restriction issues, posse reports and a wide range of negative imaging, anyway it is with this more youthful age that reality behind the hip bounce culture is starting to be genuinely appreciated.The normal youth encounters challenges that are specifically like that of the persecuted and oppressed dark American who is a piece of the hip bounce culture, and children can make this association when they investigate the music coming out o

Kite Runner Coursework - 1100 Words

Kite Runner (Coursework Sample) Content: NameInstructorCourseDateExplore the way in which the author portrays courage in kite runnerCourage is a trait attributed to numerous characters in and throughout many forms of literature, ad this often leads into a direct influence on the conclusion of the story. The acts described as courageous often reflects the most appropriate pronouncement made by the particular individual and amplifies the idea that the writer is trying to communicate to the reader. In this context, courage and bravery are prevalent themes in Khaled Hosseini's The Kite Runner exclusively exhibited by the personality of the three key characters namely Baba, Amir and Hassan. All of these characters explicitly depict characteristics of valor in the protection of their personal values, physical well-being, sanity and reputation. These persons of interests actively practice daring ventures so as to guard and keep safe things that are most significant.To live in courage means that one has to face impe rfections and challenges which are a constant adornment in the human life and learning to embrace them is another tasking experience. Burdened with Baba's expectations, Amir a leading protagonist in the novel breaks free of his father's expectations and turned out to be the man he always wished and envisioned himself as in his fantasies. Baba is a reputable individual respected and valued by many residents of Kabul and he has an irresistible desire for his characteristics to play out in his son Amir. Baba is unaware of the presence of his son and goes on in a conceited manner and confides in his friend Sometimes I look out this window and see him playing on the street with the neighborhood boys, I see how they push him around, take his toys from himand, you know, he never fights back. Never  found on page 22 of The Kite Runner. This made Amir see himself in a mirror that was his father's eyes as an embarrassment and a coward. Baba placed a heavy burden on Amir to abandon who he w as in an attempt to become courageous and continued to break the friendly ties he had with his friends (Khaled 22).Courage is also described in the novel where the characters endeavor to shield each other from physical impairment. This is found in evidences shown in the lines of generations that are in the book. Amir's old grandfather saves Ali by adopting him and welcoming him into his family and also encourages his other children to tutor and give him lessons. Ali is a Hazaras as his parents tragically died and this meant that he was a victim of insult and discrimination from other children. ...

Anabolic Steroids Essay - 2897 Words

Anabolic Steroids Of the diagnostic methods available to veterinarians, the clinical chemistry test has developed into a valuable aid for localizing pathologic conditions. This test is actually a collection of specially selected individual tests. With just a small amount of whole blood or serum, many body systems can be analyzed. Some of the more common screenings give information about the function of the kidneys, liver, and pancreas and about muscle and bone disease. There are many blood chemistry tests available to doctors. This paper covers the some of the more common tests. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is an end-product of protein metabolism. Like most of the other molecules in the body, amino acids are constantly renewed. In the†¦show more content†¦Elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) can occur in diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism, hyperpituitarism, anoxia (because of the instability of liver glycogen in oxygen deficiency), certain physiologic conditions (exposure to cold, digestion) and pancreatic necrosis (because the pancreas produces insulin which controls blood glucose levels). Diabetes mellitus is caused by a deficiency in the secretion or action of insulin. During periods of low blood glucose, glucagon stimulates the breakdown of liver glycogen and inhibits glucose breakdown by glycolysis in the liver and stimulates glucose synthesis by gluconeogenesis. This increases blood glucose. When glucose enters the bloodstream from the intestine after a carbohydrate-rich meal, the resulting increase in blood glucose causes increased insulin secretion and decreased glucagon secretion. Insulin stimulates glucose uptake by muscle tissue where glucose is converted to glucose-6-phosphate. Insulin also activates glycogen synthase so that much of the glucose-6-phosphate is converted to glycogen. It also stimulates the storage of excess fuels as fat (Lehninger, 1993). With insufficient insulin, glucose is not used by the tissues and accumulates in the blood. The accumulated glucose then spills into the urine. Additional amounts of water are retained in urine because of the accumulation of glucose and polyuria (excessiveShow MoreRelatedAnabolic Steroid Use And Anabolic Steroids1335 Words   |  6 Pagesathletes get so hooked on this so called â€Å"Steroid† ? I’m interested in this question, because that’s the question that truly caught my attention the most and, also keeps me wondering. If people who use it have seen improvement, why do they keep using it. The anabolic steroid also known as the anabolic-androgenic steroid is a drug that athletes use to give more muscle mass to the body and create more testosterone in the body. If traced back to the 1940’s steroids first appeared in Germany. Athletes hadRead MoreAnabolic Steroids. Anabolic Steroids Are A Complex Molecule1377 Words   |  6 PagesAnabolic Steroids Anabolic steroids are a complex molecule used to trick the mind into thinking that testosterone is being produced. An American doctor in the 1930s developed anabolic steroids for the use of â€Å"building body tissue and preventing the breakdown of tissue† (â€Å"Athletes and Steroids†). An FDA review later failed to find evidence that these anabolic steroids had positive effects for those purposes. As time went on people found that steroids increase muscle mass significantly, and theyRead MoreAnabolic Steroids Are Known As Anabolic Androgenic Steroids940 Words   |  4 PagesAnabolic Steroids are known as anabolic-androgenic steroids. A drug that is structured to relate to the cyclic steroid ring system. Anabolic steroids can many similar effects to testosterone in the body. What anabolic steroids do is increase the protein in the cells. The increase in these cells most happens in the skeletal muscles. Anabolic steroids can also have Androgenic and virilizing propert ies, that includes the development and the maintenance of masculine characteristics. With that, exactlyRead MoreAnabolic Steroids And Substance Steroids1814 Words   |  8 PagesMerriam-Webster Dictionary anabolic steroids are any of a group of usually synthetic hormones that are derivatives of testosterone, are used medically specially to promote tissue growth, and are sometimes abused by athletes to increase the size and strength of their muscles and improve endurance. The main purpose of anabolic steroids is to gain strength and muscle very quickly and faster than any other drug enhancement. There are many types of models that relate to anabolic steroids. One model is high schoolRead MoreAnabolic Steroid Abuse And Anabolic Steroids2005 Words   |  9 PagesAnabolic steroids will either help a person or break a person. Anabolic Steroids affect the body,emotions, hormones, and cause deadly infections. Anabolic Steroids also help people with body conditions. A guy from Germany figured out what the side effects for anabolic steroid abuse in 1849 taking by taking off and testing a male birds testicles. Steroid abuse did not take action until the 19th century. â€Å"Anabolic steroids were first developed in the 1930s in Europe in an effort to produce a drugRead MoreAnabolic Steroids And Steroids Use1525 Words   |  7 Pagesbeans and hype (Steroids and their). All of these words are slang for the illegal substance known more commonly as anabolic steroids and HGH (human growth hormone). The controversy surrounding anabolic steroids and HGH in sports has stormed to the forefront of the many problems that plague America today. Anabolic steroids are synthetic chemicals that mimic the effects of the male sex hormone testosterone. Some athletes seeking increased muscular strength and size abuse anabolic steroids (Ricki Lewis)Read More Anabolic Steroids Essay1671 Words   |  7 PagesAnabolic Steroids In today’s society, athletes are revered as heroes. There is immense pressure to be the best. Athletes are willing to do whatever it takes to gain an edge, even if it means compromising their health. For almost three decades, athletes have been supplementing their strength program with anabolic steroids to enhance their performance. To be sure, anabolic steroids are effective supplements to strength training programs, but there is no doubt that the consequences can be deleteriousRead MoreEssay on Anabolic Steroids1716 Words   |  7 Pages Anabolic Steroids nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Anabolic steroids are synthetic coumpounds formulated to be like the male sex hormone testosterone. Many athletes use anabolic steroids male and female alike, such as body builders , weightlifters, baseball players, football players, swimmers, and runners. They do so because they mistakenly believe that they will gain strength and size. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In a male testosterone is released by the leydig cells in the testes. The testosteroneRead MoreThe Drawbacks Of Anabolic Steroids1384 Words   |  6 PagesThe Drawbacks of Anabolic Steroids and Why They Should Stay Illegal Anabolic steroids have been used and taken by humans for over half a century. The effects they provide have developed large ongoing debates as to whether these substances should be allowed to the general public. Anabolic steroid in short provide the human body a much grander potential to build muscle by helping the cells within the body produce more muscle fibers at an astonishing rate that could never be achieved naturally. ManyRead MoreAnabolic Steroids : A Fatal Attraction1734 Words   |  7 PagesAnabolic Steroids in Sports The market for top performing athletes in sports in the 21st century is a competitive one. Athletes are pushed to, be stronger, an heal from injuries faster. With the pressure to do well and get picked up by a professional team of sorts goes without saying that hard work is a must to elevate ones professional athletic career, but what if one has reached a plateau or hit a wall in a training regimen and just can not seem to push through? When some athletes hit the proverbial

APUSH Essays - 1633 Words

Analyze the responses to TWO of the following to Secretary of State John Hay’s view that the Spanish American War was â€Å"a splendid little war†; William Jennings Bryan, Theodore Roosevelt, Alfred Thayer Mahan, Emilio Aguinaldo When Secretary of State John Hay stated that the Spanish American War was a â€Å"splendid little war†, he received mixed responses from people such as William Jennings Bryan, Theodore Roosevelt, Alfred Thayer Mahan, and Emilio Aguinaldo. Some people of the Philippines, especially the nationalist leader Emilio Aguinaldo, disagreed with Hay’s statement. They were upset that they were first being denied independence from Spain, and now the United States of America. However, even having fought in the Spanish-American War†¦show more content†¦Wilson had also proposed the Johns Act of 1916 which granted U.S. citizenship to all the inhabitants in Puerto Rico while providing limited self-government. In addition to this, Wilson kept a supply of marines in Nicaragua and ordered U.S. troops into Haiti in 1915 and the Dominican Republic in 1916. He argued that such intervention was necessary to maintain stability in the region and protect the Panama Canal. Assess the importance of TWO of the following in the US decision to declare war against Spain in 1898: yellow journalism, sinking of the Maine, US business interests, Cuban revolution Americas short war with Spain in 1898 was the nations first step on the pathway to becoming a world power. The U.S. victory brought with it the unintended possession of the Philippines and a vested interest in the politics of the Pacific region that would ultimately lead to conflict with Japan. As an immediate outcome of the war, America found itself embroiled in an insurgency in the Philippines that closely mimicked the conflict in Vietnam over 60 years later. Cuba, a Spanish colony, had been in rebellion since 1895. The brutal Spanish response turned American sympathies to the Cuban insurgents. The US Battleship Maine arrived in Havana Harbor in January 1898 with a dual mission to protect American interests and present the Spanish with a show of force. At 9:40 PM on the evening of February 15, anShow MoreRelatedEssay on events of apush1186 Words   |  5 Pagesthose sources. This activity will help you practice reading and evaluating the information presented in historical documents. In this activity, you will read two primary-source historical documents, take notes on those documents, and write a short essay about the documents based on your notes. __________________________________________________________________________ Directions and Analysis Task 1 Analyzing Historical Documents In this activity, you will reference two primary-source historical documentsRead MoreApush Dbq Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pages 1. Massachusetts declared to be in a state of rebellion because the passed resolution of unconstitutional Coercive Act urged the people of Massachusetts to form government to collect taxes, to arm and form their own militia. They countermeasure by created Committee of Safety empowered to call out military and authorized special group within military called minutemen to be ready on a minute’s notice. Because the British troops were on their way to seize military supplies store in Concord. 2. SamRead MoreApush Dbqs Essay2248 Words   |  9 Pages2011 DBQ: (Form A) 1. Analyze the international and domestic challenges the United States faced between 1968 and 1974, and evaluate how President Richard Nixon’s administration responded to them. (Form B) 1. Explain the ways that participation in political campaigns and elections in the United States changed between 1815 and 1840, and analyze forces and events that led to these changes. 2010 DBQ: (Form A) 1. 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Using the documents and your knowledge of the period 1877-1915, assess the appropriateness of each of these strategies in the historical context in which each was developed. In reference to the years between 1877 and 1915, I assessed that, based on between each ofRead MoreEssay on Apush 1985 Dbq823 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"From 1781 to 1789 the Articles of Confederation provided the United States with an effective government.† This statement is quite bold considering that the Articles lasted only eight years. In some ways this form of government was effective and in some ways it was not. It did provide the newly formed American colonies with the means to govern themselves in the manner that they wished to be governed and set the rules for operations of the United States government. On the other hand, it was ineffectiveRead MoreApush Chapter 7 Outline Essay4627 Words   |  19 PagesMany were frankly aristocratic in outlook, training their students to become members of the nation’s elite. 6. In 1789, Massachusetts required that its public schools serve females as well as males. 7. In 1784, Judith Sargent Murray published an essay defending women’s rights to education, a defense set in terms very different from those used by most men. 8. Colleges provided very limited educated focused mainly on classics and theology. Subsection Summary: The patterns of education began withRead MoreApush Labor Union Dbq Essay809 Words   |  4 PagesThe 1800s is characterized with the rise of industrial America. As technological advances were introduced to industry, unskilled labor also rose in accordance to the rise in factories. However, this rise also introduced several labor unions such as the Knights of Labor, which organized a series of protests and riots. 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Report On Oil And Gas Management Programme Petroleum geoscience

Question: Describe about the Report On Oil And Gas Management Programme of Petroleum geoscience? Answer: Introduction SR Limited is a renowned company dealing in oil and gas exploration and production services. The company earlier in the year 2014 had applied for four licenses for acquiring of the rights of test drills in four fields. Since the company along with the other companies in the EP industry is dealing with sustainable fossil fuels, hence the exploration of new fields is necessary to add to the oil reserves of the company (Oil Gas Monitor, 2015). The company is currently operating in seven fields. The report focuses on the four major challenges SR ltd is facing concerning the field-testing on the three fields. The report will provide a detailed analysis of the problem thereby focusing on the recommendations for the company. Challenges faced by SR limited SR limited is an oil and gas exploration and production company facing certain challenges in implementation of the drill testing. Firstly, the company is facing challenge in respect of inadequate financial sources for drill test expenses. SR ltd had applied for test drill license in four different fields namely Edwin, Felicity, Georgia and Hetty. However, the company secured drilling permission on three fields except Hetty. However, the company management is unsure about the availability of the financial resources in order to bear the expenses of the test drill (Oilandgasuk.co.uk, 2015). Secondly, considering the financial constraint that SR will supposedly face in testing three fields, the management of the company decided to consider the farm out offer from Drill Well (DW). However, this farm out offer posed as a challenge when DW suggested the option payment terms to SR. The demand on the discounted purchase price for the proven reserves by DW made the management of SR apprehensive about the deal (Raymond and Leffler, 2005). Thirdly, the goodwill of SR was threatened by the protests from the Care Green Party for the use of restricted fossil fuels like oil, gas, oil shale, oil sand and coal. This questioned the sustainability business of SR and the management of the company feared that the negative publicity would affect the stakeholders and the shareholders thereby affecting the procurement of financial resources from the market (Zhang, 2012). Lastly, SR ltd is facing problems in relation to the corporate governance issues concerning a particular outsourcer namely Boring Holes UK. The political unrest in Apache fields had made it difficult for the SR outsourcer Boring Holes to retain, recruit, or replace employees and engineers within the company. Hence, the company forged the signature of the engineer on the control log records. Since there was no problem with the safety control procedures and since the government checking procedure is soon due hence SR ltd has decided to forgo the matter however it is a grave corporate concern as the ethical norms have been hampered within the system (Opec.org, 2015). Analysis of the problems Problem 1 Since the CFO of SR ltd was absent, hence the company was unsure about the financial sources about the test drilling in the three fields. Moreover, the company could not wait for the CFOs recovery since there was an open acceptance of the license within 2 weeks. As per Contract act 1872, section 2 (206), if SR ltd did not accept the offer within 2 weeks the offer may be reverted or the prices may be changed. The company is considering two options for raising finance namely bank loans and right issues (Ogj.com, 2015). The estimated expense of the test drilling is around $ 20251825 million. As per the reports of Oil and Gas Industry UK, the commercial banks have reduced their loan amounts and have increased the regulations on the loan since apart from the calculated costs the companies incur other costs like leasehold acquisition costs, capital expenditures and additional drilling costs due to involvement of new technologies. Moreover the fluctuations in the prices of the oil and gas h as made it mandatory for the banks to increase the total lending rate by more than three times of the overall operating profit of the company. Moreover SR ltd will also have problems in issuing one right share against two existing shares to the shareholders since the investment amount will increase and with the fluctuating oil prices, the investors will not be willing to increase the investment rates (Downey, 2009). Problem 2 DW has offered option payment to SR ltd before the field was ready to be farmed out. Hence, there was a risk for DW about presence of commercial reserves in Georgia. The first condition of the agreement states that if the test drilling is not completed within 31st March 2016, SR ltd will have to pay $ 1 million (Energyinst.org, 2015). However, the uncertainty regarding finance options will prove this a risky term for SR Ltd. Moreover, the term of keeping the $10 million in the Escrow account will also pose problems for SR Ltd. The major disadvantage being SR Ltd will have no control over the deposited money and will receive installment payments (Smil, 2008). Moreover, the money in the Escrow account will also not yield any interest for SR ltd and the company will not be able to generate further investments. SR will receive $ 6 million if the company can prove the presence of reserves of oil in Georgia that is again an uncertain factor. Finally, the agreement states that irrespective of the fluctuations in the oil prices DW will get 10% discount on the average oil price. Thus, the revenue from the Georgia field will cease to decrease (Kaygusuz, 2002). Problem 3 As per the reports of OPEC, the future demand for the fossil fuels is likely to increase by 5.96 %. Hence, the sustainability issues are on a rise for the EP industries. The estimated demand for the fossil fuels will increase by 30 to 50%. However, this energy growth will increase the environmental pressure. The campaign against the EP industries including SR ltd showing their lack of interest in preserving of the renewable energy sources will affect the stakeholders of the EP industries. SR ltd is also likely to experience a fall in the share prices due to the negative publicity. However to increase the revenue the company will have to depend on the fossil fuels exploration (Yergin, 2009). Problem 4 In this scenario, the management of SR ltd forgoes the forgery of the signature. However, section 1 of the Forgery and Counterfeiting Act 1981 states that a person involved in the false representation of the signature or false representation of a statement shall be regarded as a criminal and punishable by law. Although SR ltd did not suffer any safety issues due to the forgery of the signature of the engineer by Boring Ltd, however the act is unethical and unlawful. The forgery of the signature by Boring Holes is an act of false representation as per section 2 of the Fraud Act 2006 (Eia.gov, 2015). Boring Hole has thus falsely represented the control chart on behalf of the ex engineer. If SR ltd foregoes the matter then in future both the companies may have to suffer legal obligations however if SR ltd acknowledged the matter then during the government inspection the Boring Holes will be ordered for closure due to act of falsification and outsourcing of SR will be stopped (Bower, 201 0). Conclusion The report shows the analysis of the problems that SR Ltd is facing in successfully starting its test drilling activities in the three newly acquired fields. However, the company can cope with the situations if necessary legal, ethical, financial and managerial recommendations can be provided. Recommendations SR ltd can opt for bank loans since the company has broad asset base and moderate capital needs. With a high GP ratio of around 48% and a consistent increase in the oil and gas prices by 5% on an average will help SR ltd to secure broad asset base from other fields like Apache, Barracuda and Columbia. Thus, the company can take a low amount of low from the banks and thus will have to pay low interest rates. Moreover, the use of Mezzanine financing options will also help SR ltd to acquire finance for the projects (Longwell, 2002). If SR ltd raises loan though Mezzanine financing then the lenders will be willing to contribute the amount because if SR ltd fails to return the money then the lender will acquire ownership of shares of the company. This type of debt capitals are readily available without any collateral security hence it is s feasible option for SR ltd since the company needs urgent finance requirements to start the test drillings. The farm out agreement between DW and SR suggested that DW would adopt an Option farm out however; the stated terms may pose challenges for SR ltd. Hence, in this regard SR ltd should suggest Obligation farm out to the farmee that is DW. The farm out agreement states that before commencing of the agreement the farmor should consider the situations like- the current economic climate, value of the target property, geological information and need of the farmor. However, in case of SR ltd management of the company is opting for a farm out agreement since they are afraid that the company will lack both financial and managerial sources for test drilling in three fields simultaneously. However the current asset base and the financing options for SR ltd confirms that the company will not have any finance issues. However, the managerial data are unknown. However SR ltd should consider offering drill to earn farm out to DW. Finally, DWs demand of 10% discount on the oil prices irrespective of the changes in the oil price should be discarded. Rather SR ltd should offer the term of 10% discount on the fluctuating oil prices. Exploration of Fossil fuels are the major source of revenue for the EP industries hence the negative publicity against the lack of necessary precautions relating to use of fossil fuels has no solution for the companies. However SR Ltd can try to change the image in the mind of the concerned stakeholders. Firstly SR Ltd should produce a well-complied corporate sustainability Report stating the various CSR activities undertaken by the company in the financial year. Among the CSR activities, SR Ltd can avoid exploration and appraisal drilling on the roads since they contribute to erosions and surface hydrology. The CSR report should also include the facts that SR Ltd is abiding by the Petroleum laws, Environmental Protection Acts, Safety and Fire Protection acts, Marine Pollution laws etc (Dawei, 2010). Moreover SR ltd should adopt the ISO 14000 standards for production and exploration of oil and gas. As per ISO 14010 the performance evaluation of the drilling machines should be underta ken, as per ISO 14024 the life cycle analysis and product standard analysis should be conducted by SR ltd. Finally, to make the customers and the shareholders aware of the needs to exploration and oil production, SR ltd can make video campaigns of showing the dark, wet and stranded world in absence of oil and gas. This will arouse the need for the exploration and production activities in the mind of the customers and the stakeholders. In dealing with the fourth problem, SR Ltd should consider the legal and ethical well being of the company rather than the long- term profitable future of the company. If the act of signature forgery is not settled in accordance to legal terms then the management at Boring Hole will get an opportunity to produce a similar falsification act in the future. In this case, SR Ltd may not have incurred any safety issues however, the same cannot be guaranteed for the future purpose. However, as per the Criminal Laws relating to Forgery offences, Boring Hole had no criminal or defrauding intent hence the government as well as SR Ltd should charge a minimum state penalty of around $ 125000 from the management of Boring Hole (Bjorlykke, 2010). Moreover, to avoid any suck future occurrences SR Ltd transfer an official from the main branch of SR Ltd to Boring Hole to look after the control techniques and any unethical procedure undertaken by Boring Hole. Reference list: Bjorlykke, K. (2010).Petroleum geoscience: From sedimentary environments to rock physics. Springer Science Business Media. Bower, T., (2010), The Squeeze: Oil, Money and Greed in the 21st Century, HarperPress [ISBN 978-0007276554] Dawei, Z. (2010). Strategic concepts of accelerating the survey, exploration and exploitation of shale gas resources in China [J].Oil Gas Geology,2, 004. 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